This means that we do not need a password to root. Continuing with our series on interesting Vulnhub machines, in this article we will see a walkthrough of the machine entitled Mr. In the screenshot given below, we can see that we have run Netdiscover, which gives us the list of all the available IP addresses. We have enumerated two usernames on the target machine, l and kira. We have added these in the user file. By default, Nmap conducts the scan on only known 1024 ports. Please remember that the techniques used are solely for educational purposes: I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. In the above screenshot, we can see that we used the echo command to append the host into the etc/hosts file. The ping response confirmed that this is the target machine IP address. VM running on 192.168.2.4. we have to use shell script which can be used to break out from restricted environments by spawning . When we checked the robots.txt file, another directory was mentioned, which can be seen in the above screenshot. After logging into the target machine, we started information gathering about the installed operating system and kernels, which can be seen below. We ran the id command to check the user information. The output of the Nmap shows that two open ports have been identified Open in the full port scan. Use the elevator then make your way to the location marked on your HUD. Defeat the AIM forces inside the room then go down using the elevator. 11. Let us open each file one by one on the browser. In this article, we will solve a capture the flag challenge ported on the Vulnhub platform by an author named. The IP address was visible on the welcome screen of the virtual machine. Categories This section is for various information that has been collected about the release, such as quotes from the webpage and/or the readme file. It tells Nmap to conduct the scan on all the 65535 ports on the target machine. Greetings! However, upon opening the source of the page, we see a brainf#ck cypher. Port 80 open. 12. We do not know yet), but we do not know where to test these. Command used: << dirb http://192.168.1.15/ >>. Prerequisites would be knowledge of Linux commands and the ability to run some basic pentesting tools. The torrent downloadable URL is also available for this VM; it has been added in the reference section of this article. Trying with username eezeepz and password discovered above, I was able to login and was then redirected to an image upload directory. frontend file.pysudo. Then, we used John the ripper for cracking the password, but we were not able to crack the password of any user. steganography The target machine's IP address can be seen in the following screenshot. Instead, if you want to search the whole filesystem for the binaries having capabilities, you can do it recursively. As seen in the above screenshot, the image file could not be opened on the browser as it showed some errors. Scanning target for further enumeration. It can be seen in the following screenshot. Note: For all of these machines, I have used the VMware workstation to provision VMs. The Drib scan generated some useful results. In this article, we will see walkthroughs of an interesting Vulnhub machine called Fristileaks. Just above this string there was also a message by eezeepz. At the bottom left, we can see an icon for Command shell. Goal: get root (uid 0) and read the flag file I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. There was a login page available for the Usermin admin panel. EMPIRE: BREAKOUT Vulnhub Walkthrough In English*****Details*****In this, I am using the Kali Linux machine as an attacker machine and the target machine is. We opened the target machine IP address on the browser. In this post, I created a file in Merely adding the .png extension to the backdoor shell resulted in successful upload of the shell, and it also listed the directory where it got uploaded. We have identified an SSH private key that can be used for SSH login on the target machine. VulnHub Sunset Decoy Walkthrough - Conclusion. I simply copy the public key from my .ssh/ directory to authorized_keys. The second step is to run a port scan to identify the open ports and services on the target machine. However, due to the complexity of the language and the use of only special characters, it can be used for encoding purposes. Our target machine IP address that we will be working on throughout this challenge is, (the target machine IP address). shellkali. Quickly looking into the source code reveals a base-64 encoded string. So, let us try to switch the current user to kira and use the above password. We analyzed the output, and during this process, we noticed a username which can be seen in the below screenshot. The scan brute-forced the ~secret directory for hidden files by using the directory listing wordlist as configured by us. shenron As per the description, the capture the flag (CTF) requires a lot of enumeration, and the difficulty level for this CTF is given as medium. , Writeup Breakout HackMyVM Walkthrough, on Writeup Breakout HackMyVM Walkthrough, https://hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php?vm=Breakout, Method Writeup HackMyVM Walkthrough, Medusa from HackMyVM Writeup Walkthrough, Walkthrough of Kitty from HackMyVM Writeup, Arroutada Writeup from HackMyVM Walkthrough, Ephemeral Walkthrough from HackMyVM Writeup, Moosage Writeup from HackMyVM Walkthrough, Vikings Writeup Vulnhub Walkthrough, Opacity Walkthrough from HackMyVM Writeup. Difficulty: Basic, Also a note for VMware users: VMware users will need to manually edit the VMs MAC address to: 08:00:27:A5:A6:76. The torrent downloadable URL is also available for this VM; its been added in the reference section of this article. The CTF or Check the Flag problem is posted on vulnhub.com. This seems to be encrypted. https://gchq.github.io/CyberChef/#recipe=From_Hex(Auto)From_Base64(A-Za-z0-9%2B/%3D,true)&input=NjMgNDcgNDYgN2EgNjMgMzMgNjQgNmIgNDkgNDQgNmYgNjcgNjEgMzIgNmMgNzkgNTkgNTcgNmMgN2EgNWEgNTggNWEgNzAgNjIgNDMgNDEgM2Q, In the above screenshot, we can see that we used an online website, cyber chief, to decrypt the hex string using base64 encryption. writable path abuse The comment left by a user names L contains some hidden message which is given below for your reference . router It can be seen in the following screenshot. Also, check my walkthrough of DarkHole from Vulnhub. limit the amount of simultaneous direct download files to two files, with a max speed of 3mb. command we used to scan the ports on our target machine. Now at this point, we have a username and a dictionary file. 13. As we can see above, its only readable by the root user. This is Breakout from Vulnhub. We read the .old_pass.bak file using the cat command. Host discovery. Please note: I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. 4. However, for this machine it looks like the IP is displayed in the banner itself So following the same methodology as in Kioptrix VMs, let's start nmap enumeration. Locate the AIM facility by following the objective marker. There is a default utility known as enum4linux in kali Linux that can be helpful for this task. Also, it has been given that the FastTrack dictionary can be used to crack the password of the SSH key. A large output has been generated by the tool. The login was successful as we confirmed the current user by running the id command. Since we can see port 80 is opened, the first thing I always do before running tools such as nikto or gobuster is to look for known pages such as robots.txt. Below we can see that we have got the shell back. It will be visible on the login screen. command to identify the target machines IP address. So, in the next step, we will start the CTF with Port 80. Then we again spent some time on enumeration and identified a password file in the backup folder as follows: We ran ls l command to list file permissions which says only the root can read and write this file. we can use this guide on how to break out of it: Breakout restricted shell environment rbash | MetaHackers.pro. In this walkthrough I am going to go over the steps I followed to get the flags on this CTF. The enumeration gave me the username of the machine as cyber. hacksudo In the screenshot given below, we can see that we have run Netdiscover, which gives us the list of all the available IP addresses. We download it, remove the duplicates and create a .txt file out of it as shown below. However, in the current user directory we have a password-raw md5 file. 16. Difficulty: Intermediate EMPIRE: BREAKOUT Vulnhub Walkthrough In English - Pentest Diaries Home Contact Pentest Diaries Security Alive Previous Next Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. . Lets look out there. 21. Let's start with enumeration. In the next step, we will be running Hydra for brute force. To my surprise, it did resolve, and we landed on a login page. kioptrix It's themed as a throwback to the first Matrix movie. Here you can download the mentioned files using various methods. Soon we found some useful information in one of the directories. << ffuf -u http://192.168.1.15/~secret/.FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -e .php,.txt -fc 403 >>. 17. The web-based tool identified the encoding as base 58 ciphers. The web-based tool also has a decoder for the base 58 ciphers, so we selected the decoder to convert the string into plain text. The hint can be seen highlighted in the following screenshot. I have also provided a downloadable URL for this CTF here, so you can download the machine and run it on VirtualBox. 22. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. The website can be seen below. The Usermin application admin dashboard can be seen in the below screenshot. This mentions the name of this release, when it was released, who made it, a link to 'series' and a link to the homepage of the release. This worked in our case, and the message is successfully decrypted. Each key is progressively difficult to find. Hydra is one of the best tools available in Kali Linux to run brute force on different protocols and ports. Next, I checked for the open ports on the target. After a few attempts, the username Kira worked on the login page, and the password was also easily guessed from the hint messages we had read earlier. Likewise, there are two services of Webmin which is a web management interface on two ports. After running the downloaded virtual machine in the virtual box, the machine will automatically be assigned an IP address from the network DHCP. So, let us open the file on the browser. However, it requires the passphrase to log in. We found another hint in the robots.txt file. Doubletrouble 1 walkthrough from vulnhub. Download the Mr. linux basics Robot [updated 2019], VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: Brainpan Part 1, VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: Brainpan Part 2, VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: VulnOSV2, THE PLANETS EARTH: CTF walkthrough, part 1, FINDING MY FRIEND 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, FINDING MY FRIEND: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HOGWARTS: BELLATRIX VulnHub CTF walkthrough, CORROSION: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1, MONEY HEIST: 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 3, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 Vulnhub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, DIGITALWORLD.LOCAL: FALL Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, HACKER KID 1.0.1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, HACKER KID 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX UNDER CONSTRUCTION: VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Hackable ||| VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX: SCRIPTKIDDIE VulnHub capture the flag walkthrough, NASEF1: LOCATING TARGET VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, THE PLANETS: MERCURY VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HACKSUDO: 1.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 1, Clover 1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, Capture the flag: A walkthrough of SunCSRs Seppuku. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. On the home directory, we can see a tar binary. By default, Nmap conducts the scan only known 1024 ports. On browsing I got to know that the machine is hosting various webpages . In the same directory there is a cryptpass.py which I assumed to be used to encrypt both files. When we look at port 20000, it redirects us to the admin panel with a link. It can be seen in the following screenshot. import os. Anyway, I have tested this machine on VirtualBox and it sometimes loses the network connection. So, we ran the WPScan tool on the target application to identify known vulnerabilities. Below we can see netdiscover in action. 14. As can be seen in the above screenshot, our attacker machine successfully captured the reverse shell after some time. Port 80 is being used for the HTTP service, and port 22 is being used for the SSH service. We ran some commands to identify the operating system and kernel version information. It is categorized as Easy level of difficulty. The hint mentions an image file that has been mistakenly added to the target application. This is a method known as fuzzing. We tried to write the PHP command execution code in the PHP file, but the changes could not be updated as they showed some errors. This means that we can read files using tar. By default, Nmap conducts the scan on only known 1024 ports. Command used: << echo 192.168.1.60 deathnote.vuln >> /etc/hosts >>. In this post, I created a file in, How do you copy your ssh public key, (I guess from your kali, assuming ssh has generated keys), to /home/ragnar/authorized_keys?, abuse capability There could be hidden files and folders in the root directory. Name: Empire: LupinOne Date release: 21 Oct 2021 Author: icex64 & Empire Cybersecurity Series: Empire Download Back to the Top Please remember that VulnHub is a free community resource so we are unable to check the machines that are provided to us. So, let us start the fuzzing scan, which can be seen below. c document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); All rights reserved Pentest Diaries Now, we can read the file as user cyber; this is shown in the following screenshot. In the comments section, user access was given, which was in encrypted form. Our target machine IP address that we will be working on throughout this challenge is 192.168.1.11 (the target machine IP address). We used the -p- option for a full port scan in the Nmap command. Lastly, I logged into the root shell using the password. The scan command and results can be seen in the following screenshot. 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